Longquan porcelain and Identification

Longquan porcelain say, we should first talk about the Longquan Kiln. Speaking of China's old porcelain kilns, five people are often the most important Song Si Ming Yao, Yu-kwan, the Colombian government. Starting in the Northern Song Dynasty Longquan celadon, it seems to be low-grade class. In fact, the quality of Longquan Guci, since ancient times, has always been collectors of all ages. Longquan Kiln Longquan, Zhejiang province in southern areas, and the adjacent Fujian Province. Han, have Ciyao, but really let the world is recognized when the Northern Song Dynasty porcelain. Longquan geographical and porcelain is named after it is followed.

Longquan Kiln Song to the Qing Shaozao more than 800 years of history, different historical periods have a distinctive style of the times, the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln more of its Yingrunruyu the powder blue and green plums that no time, was the favorite at home and abroad . Since then according to the needs of the market and people's preferences, businesses have to Longquan Kiln firing imitation products.

In China, Jingdezhen Longquan Kiln firing imitation products continuation of the longest, from the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, with the burning of solid ceramic techniques, firing imitation artifacts variety. Its greatest feature is not on the Longquan Kiln mechanical imitation products, but pay attention to glaze on the basis of the variety of objects and modeling innovation. Early Republic of China at the end of the Ching dynasty, Japan, Germany, the United States has been collected to Longquan celadon, then pour in the domestic large number of antique dealers, which triggered the Longquan Mining and ancient kiln tomb of the wind. At the same time, local development Antique Longquan celadon of wind and Shing, a group of civil Zhici artists have joined this trip. - Guangxu, Xuantong Period years, Sun Hang Fanzu Dai, the ancestral Qiu brothers system antique celadon Mingzaoyishi to in the early Liao Xianzhong county (Qingxiu only) Antique few products can be Luanzhen.

1956, Longquan Cichang resume production. Zhejiang museum a number of imitation Longquan Kiln fired after the liberation of the products, mainly on the basis of the Southern Song Dynasty artifacts Longquan Kiln shapes, such as: Beas washing, Ge furnace, Peony profiling large bottles artifacts, but imitation deliberately. 20 beginning in the 1980s, some large Longquan Cichang to antique crafts in the form of mass production Longquan celadon kiln.

In recent years, with the rise of cultural relics collection, for access to high profits, all kinds of artifacts fraud have emerged. Longquan celadon kilns of Zuowei, mainly from the following areas identification:

1. The shape of pottery

Imitation is often burned each election Longquan Kiln times the typical products, such as the Northern Song Dynasty pots of Directors, five bottles of the Southern Song Dynasty Lianban bowl, Fung ears bottles, Ge furnace, the Peony Wen Yuan Dynasty large bottles, Hand carved market, all kinds of Incense burners and other utensils. Imitation goods is little real control imitation goods in kind to burn, so modeling on the rigid lines, the lack of charm, the turning point of the neck and shoulder is very stiff, the end of the foot too tidy, with the proportion of disorders, artifacts form the specifications and dimensions of the lack of standardized .

2. Fetal glaze

Longquan Kiln glaze and fetal each era has its specific components and the corresponding Shaozao process. Longquan Kiln different times of the fetal-color, texture and detail of the slipshod, color and texture of the glaze, are different. The powder blue, plum Qingyou imitation of a fire, generally do not have to glaze chemical formula, and follow the traditional formula, that is, porcelain clay in the choice to join the plant plant ash, although the glaze is very like the texture, but reserved the lack of solid sense, often floating - Yinxian. Ming Dynasty Longquan Kiln Green beans and dark green glaze porcelain, wall thickness fetal weight, with the end of rough, modern imitation is more easily available, such products to be careful to distinguish. Zuowei artifacts an important process, is the glaze on the surface of objects to light processing, mainly in a strong acid solution corrosion, landfill and industrial technical polished. In recent years, experts and scholars on the old treatment for the injury-table, under the microscope in the high-power performance of the different imaging, summarized and concluded that raising the ancient ceramic wrongs level of science.

3. Ornamentation

Longquan Kiln products described patterns of counterfeit goods, not really a euphemism for smooth lines. Decals of the decoration, unlike the vivid and authentic. Lu Yuan Dynasty Longquan Kiln child is the most decorated of the characteristics, unique to the Yuan Dynasty Longquan Kiln Green glaze and Lu Zhe fetal red contrast, counterfeit imitation of the burning of such products, provide identification points.

4. Loaded burn method

With burning technology in the development of the Longquan Kiln each period are not the same. In pad burning tools, can be summed up just two washers and pad cake, but at different times on the mat Quanzu the site is different, leaving behind all traces of Shaozao different times. Especially during the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln products "Iron Foot," "Cinnabar foot" is often irregular. Washers traces of the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty artifacts reveal fetal Quanzu Department, revealed "Flint red." Longquan Kiln early products, is full of rare, how many remain some residual defects, mainly in Quanzu part. Therefore Zuowei often used "more in the bottom edge or slightly Cardamine Xu" or Zhannian furnace slag approach to Mengren.

Ceramics

Use of containers is fired clay pottery, and porcelain clay is fired porcelain utensils. Ceramics, pottery and porcelain is a generic term. All clay and porcelain clay with these two different kinds of clay as raw material, after ingredients, molding, drying, roasting process, and other artifacts made of, can be called ceramics. Shaozao pottery and porcelain industry commonly known as the ceramic industry.

As early as the Neolithic Age 10,000 years ago, our ancestors had invented and widely used pottery. Xianren Dong years in Jiangxi Province, the site excavated pottery, the scientific determination about the relics before 8800, is currently the earliest pottery found in China. Porcelain was invented in Shangzhoushidai, and now has 4,000 years of history.

Ceramic Road

"Ceramic Road" is the ancient Japanese ceramics scholar last three men, in the 1960s by a Japanese cultural mission in the Middle East an important member in Fustat (now Cairo) of the archaeological excavations, a thoroughly open the The ceramics are infatuated with the Chinese people's hearts the feeling. So he will be all over the world for many years in China's ceramic archaeological achievements, on the "Ceramics of the Road" This impact on the world of ceramic works, its far-reaching significance. He ceramics in Japan and the world of academia has won widespread praise, "ceramic road" but also let the world once again that knowledge and understanding with the Chinese name of "china".

Silk Road

"Silk Road" (The Silk Road) began the Western Han Dynasty, the then capital of Xi'an, the Hexi Corridor, along the ancient city of Loulan, the Alashankou, to Central Asia, West Asia, arrived rest in peace, Daqin, and other places, of course, this is "Silk Road "the most important one channel; In addition, in China's southwest and southeast along the South also exists. Therefore, the "Silk Road" after the geographical features are: deserts, grasslands, high altitude, mountains, plains, oceans, holds that countless hardships and Suanchu. "Silk Road" because of silk and hair, then gradually evolved into a cultural way, the modern name for its "Asia-Europe continental bridge" to become the world's many cultures of maternal-fetal. In this way, communication is the most successful religion. Since the Western Han Dynasty Zhang Qian mission, the mission Ganying Daqin, BC 60 doomed to the historical moment in the history of China flashing brilliant. The subsequent years, "spring breeze through Yumen Pass", a "less-jun urged to drink a glass of wine, the West has to Yang Guan Lee," a new type of diplomatic relations. Is this path, let the Chinese people understand the Persians, Arabs, Greeks, Romans, Japanese, Koreans, Indians and the Europeans Road……

"Silk Road" and "ceramic road"

Silk and porcelain of the Chinese people dedicated to the world's two treasures, it has changed to some extent used by the nation's way of life and values. The Islamic nation by China's big Qinghua Ci-Shengfan with vegetables, and many people enjoy around a circle of common Xide, the Philippines, and other Chinese ceramics as a nation will pay homage to Shenwu; Africans will be decorated Chinese porcelain in mosques, palaces and other construction On. Ancient Rome will be China's silk as a high society and the luxury Guifu, and in the first century AD before and after the trigger with a silk between moral arguments. Silk and porcelain as a material product, its significance can be used not only as this can wear on the thus extended by two road, completely changed the relationship between China and the world.

Ming dynasty chaozhou ceramic

Ming dynasty produced fine white glaze of success, with copper for the color of the single-Seyou porcelain produced successful, the Ming Dynasty porcelain colorful. Ming Dynasty porcelain glaze increase the diversity of methods, indicates that China Zhici technology continues to increase. Chenghua years Youxia a burned out in blue and white contour lines to add color Glazed "Doo Choi," Jiajing, Wanlinianjian fired into the blue and white Goubian not directly use a variety of color depicting the colorful, are well-known The treasures. Qing Dynasty porcelain, is a remarkable achievement in the Ming Dynasty on the basis of further developed, Zhici technology to achieve the glorious realm. Kangxi, the three-color, multicolored, Yongzheng and Qianlong, the Fencai, Falang Cai are Wenmingzhongwai boutique.

You Xia in the Ming Dynasty blue and white contour lines Glazed add color and firing a porcelain, blue and white and color as Youxia Glazed painting Zhengqidouyan, Gu Ming, "Choi Doo."

Qing Dynasty imitation copper enamel painting fetal effects of a porcelain. Falang Cai also known as the "Liu Cai."

Ancient Chinese ceramic glaze

Ancient Chinese ceramic glaze development is never a glaze to glaze, from single to multi-Seyou Seyou, and then by Youxia to Glazed Choi Choi, and gradually developed into Youxia Glazed with a painting of multicolored , Choi Doo.

You Xia Cai Caici generally fall into two broad categories and Glazed Choi, in the first painting on fetal Blank good design, glazing into the kiln after the Caici Shaolian called Youxia Choi; Enameling after the porcelain-kiln firing again Painting, baked by the open fire burning from the Caici, called Glazed color. Ming-famous Qinghua Ci is a Youxia Choi.

Song Dynasty porcelain

Song Dynasty porcelain, in the Tai Zhi, glaze and production technology, there has been new increase, burning ceramic technology reaches full maturity level. In the technical process, a clear division of labour in the country's development of porcelain an important stage. Song Wenmingzhongwai many of the Ming Yao, Yao Zhouyao, Cizhou Yao, the kiln in Jingdezhen, Longquan Kiln, Yue Yao, Jian Song Dynasty kilns and called the five major Ming Yao Yu, the official, Columbia, Jun, will have their products Their unique style. Yaozhou Yao (Tongchuan in Shaanxi) products beautifully, Taigu thin, enamel layer Yunjing; Cizhou Yao (Hebei Pengcheng) to dump a magnet for the blanks, also known as porcelain demagnetizer. Cizhou Yao spent more than the production of porcelain and white porcelain; kiln in Jingdezhen of the thin-quality products of China, to exquisite light, white and translucent high degree of Song Ci pushed for the works on behalf of one of the Longquan Kiln products for more than powder Green Tsui or green glaze beautiful bright; Yueyao fired porcelain fetal thin, Qiao under the meticulous, shiny appearance; kiln built by the production of black porcelain is one of the Song Dynasty Mingci, such as paint Heiyou Bright; Ru to the Song Dynasty The highest in five Ming Yao, Dan Qing porcelain glaze to the main color, color Qingrun; GUANYAO people whether there has been a controversial issue, most scholars believe that GUANYAO is Bian Jing GUANYAO, Bian kiln in Beijing, porcelain produced for the court ; Geyao Shaozao where people have been controversial issues. According to information on all aspects of the analysis, Geyaoshaozao locations may be the biggest and the Northern Song Dynasty GUANYAO with production; Junyaoshaozao the color of porcelain more to Carmine best Green and Mose porcelain is not bad; Dingyao production Fetal fine porcelain, of a thin, bright, colored porcelain moisture, white glaze like powder, said white powder determined or set.